About the Book: Shadow Empires: An Alternative Imperial History
An original study of empire creation and its consequences, from ancient through
early modern timesThe worlds first great empires established by the ancient
Persians, Chinese, and Romans are well known, but not the empires that emerged
on their margins in response to them over the course of 2,500 years. These
counterempires or shadow empires, which changed the course of history, include
the imperial nomad confederacies that arose in Mongolia and extorted resources
from China rather than attempting to conquer it, as well as maritime empires
such as ancient Athens that controlled trade without seeking territorial
hegemony. In