In 1870, Nawab Sikandar Begum of Bhopal became the first Muslim woman to
publlishe an account of her Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca. She travelled with a
retinue of a thousand, visited Jeddah and Mecca, performed the requisite rituals
and observances, then returned to India and wrote her impressions of her visit.
Sikandar Begum's critical and often surprising description provide unique
insight into the factors that went into writing this quintessentially Mulim
journey in a colonial environment. At the same time, it documents a process by
which notions of the self could be redefined against a Muslim 'other',and the
way in which Arabia was constructed by a