By the 1920s, Jews were--by all economic, political, and cultural measures of
the day--making it in America. But as these children of immigrants took their
places in American society, many deliberately identified with groups that
remained excluded. Despite their success, Jews embraced resistance more than
acculturation, preferring marginal status to assimilation.
The stories of Al Jolson, Felix Frankfurter, and Arnold Rothstein are told
together to explore this paradox in the psychology of American Jewry. All three
Jews were born in the 1880s, grew up around American Jewish ghettos, married
gentile women, entered the middle class, and rose to national fame. All three
also became heroes to the American