From computer support and hotel reservations to laboratory results and
radiographic interpretations, it seems everything can be 'outsourced' in our
globalized world. One would not think so with parenthood, however, especially
motherhood, as it is a fundamental activity humans have historically preserved
as personal and private. In our modern age, however, the advent and
accessibility of assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) and the ease with
which they have traversed global borders, has fundamentally altered the meaning
of childbearing and parenting.
In the twenty-first century, parenthood is no longer achieved only through
gestation, adoption, or traditional surrogacy, but also via assisted
reproductive technologies (ARTs), where science and technology play lead